Period Cycle Explained

Period Cycle Explained: A Comprehensive Guide

What is the Period Cycle?

The period cycle, also known as the menstrual cycle, is a complex process that involves the interaction of the ovaries, uterus, and hormones. It begins on the first day of menstrual bleeding and ends on the day before the next period starts.

Phases of the Period Cycle

The period cycle is divided into four phases:

• Menstrual phase: This phase begins with the shedding of the uterine lining, resulting in menstrual bleeding.
• Follicular phase: This phase begins with the growth of a follicle in the ovary, which contains an immature egg.
• Ovulation: This phase occurs when the mature egg is released from the ovary.
• Luteal phase: This phase begins after ovulation and ends with the shedding of the uterine lining if the egg is not fertilized.

Hormonal Changes During the Period Cycle

The period cycle is regulated by the interplay of several hormones, including estrogen, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone (LH).

Estrogen is produced by the ovaries and helps to prepare the uterine lining for the implantation of a fertilized egg.

Progesterone is also produced by the ovaries and helps to maintain the uterine lining.

LH is produced by the pituitary gland and triggers ovulation.

Length of the Period Cycle

The average period cycle lasts for 28 days, but it can vary from 21 to 35 days.

Symptoms of the Period Cycle

The symptoms of the period cycle can vary from woman to woman. Some common symptoms include:

• Menstrual cramps
• Headaches
• Nausea
• Breast tenderness
• Mood swings
• Bloating
• Fatigue

Managing the Period Cycle

There are several ways to manage the symptoms of the period cycle, including:

• Over-the-counter pain relievers
• Hormonal birth control
• Dietary changes
• Exercise
• Stress management

When to See a Doctor

It is important to see a doctor if you have any of the following symptoms:

• Heavy bleeding
• Pain that does not respond to over-the-counter pain relievers
• Irregular periods
• Periods that last for more than seven days
• Symptoms that interfere with your daily life